Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• an in-plane external magnetic field strength of ≈ 1.5 kOe. Magnetic studies of the samples are presented in Supporting Information File 1. We took the same thickness of 3 nm for both Co1 and Co2 layers. In addition, a control set of the samples with similar thicknesses of the S and F layers but

• out with a standard four-point method in the DC mode. For changing the mutual direction of the magnetization of the F layers between the P and AP orientations, an external magnetic field of ≈1 kOe < was always applied in the plane of the sample in all measurements. The strength of the magnetic field

• defined as the midpoint of the transition curve. To study the SSV effect, the samples were cooled down from room temperature to low temperatures in a magnetic field of the order of 5 kOe (field cooling procedure) applied in the sample plane. This field aligns the magnetization of both F layers. Also, the

Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• oscillatory manner by the magnetic field in the nanowire-based devices. We present a toy model to qualitatively explain these observations. Keywords: AAO template; critical current; multilayered magnetic nanowires; spin-transfer torque; three-dimensional devices; Introduction Spin-transfer torque (STT) has

• a nonmonotonic dependence between the critical current of STT-assisted resistance changes and the strength of the external magnetic field in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowire devices with arbitrary sequence of magnetic and nonmagnetic sections along the long axis of the nanowires. The STT devices were

• mV) added to a DC bias voltage at a frequency of 4531 Hz. A four-point measurement was used to exclude the effects of the cabling. A positive current is defined such that the electrons flow from the top electrode to the bottom electrode. A magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the nanowires

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• external magnetic field. This finding is crucial for future studies on magnetic field-guided drug release and tumour treatment. Particularly, our research also investigates the effect of varying polymer ratios on drug release kinetics and photothermal efficiency, which was not addressed in the

• multifunctional PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles coated with polydopamine (PDA) exhibit strong near-infrared absorption because of the PDA layer and have the ability to deliver drugs under a magnetic field owing to their superparamagnetism [51]. During the drug loading studies, the anticancer drug vinorelbine was

• nanoparticles [49]. Based on the findings from VSM, the nanoparticles exhibit high magnetization [49][54]. The magnetic properties of VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs can be attributed to the structural arrangement of Fe3O4 within the nanoparticles. A magnetic field can enhance the dispersion of VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs in an

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• with the diffraction angle (2-theta) ranging from 5 to 80°. Solid-state 29Si NMR spectra were recorded with a JNM ECA-400 (JEOL, Japan) spectrometer operating at a magnetic field of 400 MHz. A suitable amount of rubber sample was inserted in an NMR tube and injected into an NMR system equipped with a

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• produce elongated magnetite nanoparticles [1][2][10][11]. A linear chain of uniformly magnetized magnetosomes grown inside a magnetotactic bacterium is a kind of magnetic needle that helps the bacterium navigate in the weak Earth's magnetic field in search of the best habitat [1][2][3][4]. Chains of

• of magnetic nanoparticle assemblies are often characterized by measuring ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra [14][15]. The analysis of FMR spectra makes it possible to determine the effective magnetic field in the sample under study, which depends on the particle saturation magnetization, the type

• [22][23][24][25], in which the behavior of a magnetosome chain in an alternating (ac) high-frequency magnetic field is replaced by the behavior of a uniformly magnetized ellipsoid with an appropriately selected demagnetizing factor. As a result, important information about the internal geometry of the

Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• –frequency characteristics of resonant bolometers was set up as follows: The generator chip with JJs was mounted on the sample holder with a 4 mm Si hyperhemispherical lens thermally coupled with a 2.7 K cryostat plate. The control magnetic field required to create a flux-flow regime in a long Josephson

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• structure. The microscope is operated in a magnetic-field-free mode. In this case, the objective lens is turned off, and the Lorentz lens is used instead to focus the electron beam onto the back focal plane. As the electron beam passes through the sample, the in-plane sample magnetization exerts a Lorentz

• force onto the electron beam, which deflects the beam. The force on each electron in the beam is given by where F is the force, e is the charge, v is the relativistic velocity of the electron beam, and B is the magnetic field exerted by the sample. In the case of a vortex structure, the electron beam is

• external magnetic field applied using the objective lens was first studied using Lorentz TEM. The initial magnetic configuration of the Py nanodisks after relaxation is shown in Figure 13c. In order to ascertain the coercive field of the sample, we applied the external field until the contrast was no

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• how the proposed adjustment circuit will operate at finite (millikelvin) temperatures in the quantum regime and under the influence of relatively fast magnetic field control pulses? Will the tuning, coupling, and neromorphic co-processing circuits acquire new useful properties in the quantum regime

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• , iron oxide nanoparticles are the most prominent ones because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of synthesis, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. The influence of a magnetic field can also increase temperature generation by such nanoparticles, which is called magnetic hyperthermia

• nanocomposite was used for the preconcentration of antigen in the sample using a magnetic field and Au was used as a photothermal signal amplification probe. This method enabled the quantitative determination of OTA using a portable thermal camera with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 pg·mL−1 [81]. Graphene

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• , the ability for magnetic manipulation, the possibility of being used in magnetic resonance imaging, and the ability to generate controlled heat non-invasively when exposed to an alternating magnetic field [7][8]. In 2019, our group published an article describing a low-cost green synthesis of SPIONs

Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• perpendicular to and pointing toward the outside of the surface, and ⟨Tij⟩ is the time-averaged MST [18] defined by where the indices i and j denote x, y, or z components of the electric or magnetic field; εr and μr are the relative permittivity and the relative permeability of the surrounding medium

• -factor of 175. The electric and magnetic field amplitude distributions at the resonance wavelength are plotted in Figure 2b, where the white arrows represent the electric displacement current vectors. It is seen that the electromagnetic field is well confined within the silicon disk. Although the optical

• and sharp optical resonance with also an asymmetric Fano profile is found located near 1990.63 nm with a Q-factor of about 2.5 × 105. Figure 4b presents the electric and magnetic field distributions at the resonance, where the white arrows still represent the electric displacement current vectors. The

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• modes localized near (pπ/Leff, qπ/Leff) in the first quadrant. The locations in momentum space and the magnetic field (H field) distributions of several of the lowest-order Mpq modes are drawn in Figure 2c and Figure 2d, respectively. The mode indices and eigenwavelengths are marked in each mode pattern

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• simulations using the stochastic Landau–Lifshitz equation are performed to study magnetization dynamics of dilute assemblies of iron oxide nanoparticles exposed to an alternating (ac) magnetic field with an amplitude Hac = 200 Oe and a frequency f = 300 kHz and a static (dc) magnetic field in the range Hdc

• = 0–800 Oe. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the assemblies is calculated depending on the angle between the directions of the ac and dc magnetic fields. For the case of an inhomogeneous dc magnetic field created by two opposite magnetic fluxes, the spatial distribution of the SAR in the vicinity

• hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic particle imaging; specific absorption rate; static magnetic field; Introduction Magnetic nanoparticles, mainly iron oxides, are promising materials for the diagnosis and therapy of oncological diseases [1][2][3]. Important fields of application of magnetic

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• tip was brought close enough to obtain a single-atom conductance gap, it was retracted and silicon atoms were removed. A perpendicular magnetic field was applied to explore physical phenomena such as Kondo resonance. The nanoarchitectonics of magnetic topological states due to spin polarization in

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• ., ultrasound, light, radiofrequency, microwave, and magnetic field energy) into heat and increase the temperature in tumor tissues [93][94]. Cancer cells are more sensitive to heating than normal cells. As a result, apoptosis of cancer cells is greater than that of normal tissue when heated above 40 °C [79][95

• drug release and photothermal cell killing were realized [78]. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is another hyperthermia strategy, which generates heat under the excitation of a magnetic field [98]. Magnetic NPs have shown promise in diagnosis and therapeutic effects due to their multiple functions (e.g

• ., magnetic resonance imaging, heat production, magnetic manipulation, and enzyme mimics) [99]. Tumor ablation based on magnetothermy is safe for humans as the energy of the magnetic field is only absorbed by magnetic NPs and not by normal tissue [79]. However, magnetic NPs are prone to aggregation and

A distributed active patch antenna model of a Josephson oscillator

• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 151–164, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.16

• magnetic field, Hy, introduces a chain of Josephson vortices (fluxons) in the JJ. The dc bias current, Ib, exerts a Lorentz force, FL, and causes a unidirectional fluxon motion. Upon collision with the junction edge, the fluxons annihilate. The released energy produces an EMW pulse, which is partially

• spatial distribution of the input current density in a JJ, described by the perturbed sine-Gordon equation. In the presence of a magnetic field and fluxons, the oscillating current is distributed nonuniformly within the junction. This nonuniformity is essential for the FFO operation. It determines the

• supercurrent occurs, leading to the appearance of Fiske steps in the I–V curves. The excess dc current, obtained from Equation 16, is [16][29][31] Figure 2a shows calculated I–V characteristics of a JJ with a = 5λJ, α = 0.1 and at a magnetic field corresponding to Φ = 5Φ0 in the JJ. Blue symbols represent the

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• and nodal superconductivity, helical vortex states, as well as non-trivial topological effects. Moreover, large values of the upper critical magnetic field have been reported in these materials. Here, we focus on the study of the temperature dependence of the perpendicular magnetic field of NbRe and

• is still lacking. Finally, while the morphological properties are similar to those of NbRe films [18], the values of the electrical resistivity stand slightly higher with respect to NbRe films [4][7][18]. The value of the upper critical magnetic field is a fundamental quantity that gives a measure of

• superconducting H–T phase diagrams were obtained by measuring the resistive transitions in the presence of the magnetic field applied perpendicularly or parallely to the surface of the samples. For each field, the value of Tc was determined using the 50% RN criterion, where RN is the value of the normal-state

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• temperature for pure metal equal to 9.25 K. In superconductors, including niobium, due to the Meissner effect, the phenomenon of complete or partial ejection of the magnetic field from the material volume occurs [48][49]. In the superconductivity mode, which is the mode of greatest interest for the magnetic

• behavior of the target film heterostructure, the absence of a magnetic field is observed inside the metal, which is predominantly concentrated near the surface. For the reasons previously described, niobium nanofilms were excluded from explicit consideration in numerical experiments to investigate the

• clarity, so that the orientation of individual atom spins could be easily traced. Subsequently, the two selected systems were exposed to an external magnetic field with induction Bext = 1.0 T in the ox axis direction (along the nanofilm surface for the real structure variant) for 100 ps. The result of the

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• mol of acetylacetonate and up to 5.5 mol/mol. Below the mentioned limit, NPM dispersions were colloidally unstable, and at higher ratios no NPM were formed which could be precipitated by an applied magnetic field. Monodisperse nanoparticles of iron oxides were synthesized with a diameter of 8–13 nm

• reduction of nanoparticle diameter below the critical size of 25 nm leads to nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties [10][11]. Due to the absence of coercive forces in superparamagnetic nanoparticles not exposed to an external magnetic field, they are characterized by good colloidal stability, which

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• rotatable sample holder. The magnetic field is supplied by a superconducting solenoid. Figure 1b and Figure 1d show the I–V curves (up and down bias swipes) for meander and linear arrays, respectively, at zero magnetic field and T ≃ 2.6 K. For both arrays, all JJs switch simultaneously from the

• of different voltage states at the same current. This will be exploited for accessing a larger variety of states with different number of active junctions in the oscillating resistive state. Figure 2a shows the modulation, Ic(H), of the critical current versus the in-plane magnetic field for the

• . As discussed below, a magnetic field causes a spread in the modulations Ic for different JJs. Therefore, the measured Ic(H) is lower than the Fraunhofer modulation for an individual JJ. Presumably, the spread of the modulations Ic is caused by the uneven distribution of fluxon numbers in JJs when the

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• completely disappear and the ideal BIC is obtained. Furthermore, the magnetic field distributions of the two modes under resonance are calculated as shown in Figure 3b and Figure 3c. The localized field energy of both modes decreases as α increases, and the magnetic field distributions of both modes

• is analytically calculated from the perspective of the complex eigenfrequencies, which is defined as follows [54]: where C and U represent the integration domain for the cavity and the unit cell, respectively. Hnorm represents the magnetic field intensity distributions of the complex eigenfrequencies

• sensitivity of the two modes is 413 and 265 nm/RIU, respectively. Here, we observe that although the FOM of mode 1 is lower than that of mode 2, which can be found from the normalized magnetic field distribution diagram that the light of mode 1 leaks more into vacuum (Figure 3b and Figure 3c), light is

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• thanks to the significant charge carrier dispersion provided by hybrid orbitals involving the Bi 6s orbital, as seen in Figure 2. Photoinduced electron–hole separation and charge carrier transfer in Bi-based materials are facilitated by a unique layered structure that creates an IEF. A magnetic field is

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• enantiospecific adsorption on a ferromagnetic Ni surface was proven to arise from the adsorption kinetics rather than from thermodynamic stabilization. The adsorption rate of ᴅ-Cys and ʟ-Cys onto a ferromagnetic substrate showed a significantly different behavior according to the magnetic field direction and

Nonlinear features of the superconductor–ferromagnet–superconductor φ₀ Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region

• Aliasghar Janalizadeh,
• Ilhom R. Rahmonov,
• Sara A. Abdelmoneim,
• Yury M. Shukrinov and
• Mohammad R. Kolahchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1155–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.97

• is described by the LLG equation [26]: where M is the magnetization vector, γ is the gyromagnetic relation, Heff is the effective magnetic field, α is the Gilbert damping parameter, and M0 = |M|. In order to find the expression for the effective magnetic field we have used the model developed in [6